| 80386 processor |
| 20 MHz |
| 1 Mb RAM |
| 1.44 Mb 3.5” disk drives 65 Mb hard disk |
| 4×16 bit plus 1×8-bit expansion slots |
| High resolution 14” VGA colour monitor |
| Latest graphics and word processing packages included |
Using Ex.1.5, 1.7 tell the class about the characteristics of the computer you use or the one you’d like to buy; how do you protect your computer from viruses?
1.11. Read and divide the text into some parts. Give a title to each part:
Computer Revolution
Nowadays, we cannot imagine our life without computers and the fact is that they have become so important that nothing can replace them. Since 1948 when the first computer was invented our life has changed so much that we can call it the period of digital revolution.
First computers differed from today's ones. They were so huge that some occupied 1-2 rooms or a building. But they were relatively slow. To better understand the very fast development of computer technology let's look back at some of the first stages of a progress. Computing devices were constructed in the 1930s and 1940s by Claude Shannon They had flexible programmability. Nowadays computers may also be as huge as the old ones but they are millions times faster. They are used mainly for complex operations to solve multipurpose tasks. Thanks to them people have access to enormous amount of information.
The next important stage in developing computer technology is the year of 1980. In this year a special team of IBM Company developed the first PC (Personal Computer). The operating system for this PCs was developed by very young talented programmers Bill Gates and Paul Allen, founders of Microsoft. The first PCs were very expensive and had a memory of 16k, ran with a processor speed 4.77 Mhz. Within the period of 10 years the Company has successfully upgraded the most important characteristics of PCs. Moreover the cost of buying a PC considerably decreased contributing greatly to its popularity. A PC became a commodity item and it has become the machine people can't deal with both at work and at home.
Computer technology changes fast, but a desktop PC (personal computer) usually has a tower, a separate monitor, a keyboard and a mouse. The CPU, modem, CD-ROM and floppy disk drives are usually inside the tower. A notebook is a portable computer with all these components inside one small unit. Notebooks have a screen, not a monitor, and are usually more expensive than desktops with similar specifications. It is also has a built-in speakers, keyboard, a web-camera, a microphone and some other devices.
1.12. Match the phrases (A) with their Russian equivalents (B):
A B
| imagine our life | товар широкого спроса |
| nothing can replace them | занимать здание |
| digital revolution | отличаться |
| differ from | относительно медленно |
| occupy a building | решать многофункциональные задачи |
| relatively slow | основатели |
| flexible programmability | успешно усовершенствованы |
| to solve multipurpose tasks | ничего не может их заменить |
| enormous amount | представить нашу жизнь |
| founders of Microsoft | огромный объем |
| successfully upgraded | революция в цифровой технике |
| a commodity item | легкая способность к программированию |
Scan the text again and make the list of the characteristic of PCs and portable computers
Characteristic Features
| PC | Portable computer |
| 1. Monitor | 1. Screen |
Speak about computer revolution using the titles of each part of the text (1.11) and the information of Ex. 1.13.
UNIT 2
The Internet
2.1 Read and remember new words:
attribute (n) ['ætribju:t] свойство, характерный признак
at random наугад, наобум, наудачу
authority (n) [ə: 'θorəti] источник информации
beyond (prep) [bi'jond] свыше, за пределами
cyberspace(n) ['saibəspeis] киберпространство
destroy (v) [di’stroi] разрушать
feedback (n) ['fi:dbæk] обратная связь, отдача
join (v) [dʒɔɪn] соединять
link (n) [liήk] связь, соединение
network (n) ['netwɜːk]сеть
nuclear (adj) ['nju:kliə] ядерный
satellite (n) ['sǽtəlait] спутник
share (v) [ʃeə] распределять
surf (v) [sɜːf] «путешествовать» по Интернету
2.2. Read and translate the following international words:
chat [tʃæt]
forum [ˈfɔ:rəm]
video [ˈvıdıəυ]
innovation [ˌınəˈveɪ∫n]
group [gru:p]
internet [ˈıntənet]
browser [ˈbraυzə]
gigabyte [ˈgigəbait]
site [sait]
design [d`zan]
2.3. Match the words / phrases to the definitions:
E.g.: 1c
| 1. the internet 2. the web 3. a web site 4. surfing the net 5. e-mail 6. downloading | a. moving from one document or web site to another to find information b. copying information from a web site to your own computer c. a network of computers all over the world joined by phone lines satellite or cable d. a system linking millions of documents stored on the internet e. . the place on the internet where a company/organization/ etc. stores its documents f. electronic messages sends to someone over the internet |
2.4. Fill in the gaps:
network, cyberspace, random, create, transfer, navigate
1. You can sometime have a computer … that is not connected to the Internet.
2. It is easy to … around the screen with a mouse.
3. Berners-Lee discovered how to … links between computers in new ways.
4. Some people surf the Internet at … just to see what they can find.
5. People used the Internet to … information from one place to another.
6. When you surf the Internet, you are traveling in … .
2.5. a) Listen and mark the statements as T (true) or F (false):
1. The Internet was started in 1990.
2. The Internet links computers.
3. To visit a web site, you simply get connected to a phone line.
4. The main use of the Internet is to find mistakes.
5. Using the Internet is getting more expensive.
b) Listen again and correct the false statements, as in the example:
The Internet wasn’t started in 1990. It was started in 1968.
2.6. Read and translate the text:
The Internet (FAQs)
(Frequently Asked Questions)
The Internet is without doubt one of the most important inventions in history. It was started in 1968 by the US governments, but at first it was used mainly by scientists.
Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web (www) when he discovered a way to jump to different files on his computer using the random, or unplanned, links between them. He then wrote a simple coding system, called HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language), to create links to files on any computer connected to the network. This was possible because each file had an individual address, or URL (Uniform Resource Locator). He used a set of transfer rules, called HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol), to link web files together across the Internet. Berners-Lee also invented the world’s first browser. This lets you locate and view web pages and also navigate from one link to another.
The WWW became available to everyone in1991 and the number of Internet users grew from 600,000 to 40 million in 5 years. Today, that number is much larger and there are now many browsers that provide web pages, information and other services.
What exactly is the Internet?
The Internet is a network (several networks, in fact) of millions of computers around the world, connected by phone lines, satellite or cable, so that all the computers on the net can exchange information with each other. The Internet links computers and World Wide Web is a system which links the information stored inside these computers. The main use of the Internet is to find information – for your schoolwork or job, or just to find out more about your hobbies, sports or current events. You can also use the Internet to read newspapers and magazines, play games, plan your holiday or buy things from your favorite shop. E-mail makes possible to send electronic messages anywhere in the world in seconds, and you can use the Internet to chat with people and make new friends.
If you don’t already used to Internet, all you need to get started is a computer, a modem and a phone line. Using the Internet is getting cheaper and easier all the time. Are you ready to surf the Net? There is a whole exciting Internet world out there waiting for you!
2.7. Fill in the words from the list, than make sentences using the completed phrases:
web, surf, exchange, computer, change, get, electronic, enter, current, phone, important
1. … inventions;
2. to … the world;
3. … lines;
4. to … information;
5. … documents;
6. a … site;
7. to … the address;
8. a … screen;
9. to … the net;
10. … events;
11. to … started
2.8. Read the text again, and then use the notes below to talk about the Internet:
| Internet= | network of computers around the world. |
| You need: | computer, modem and phone line |
| To surf the net you: | enter a web site address, connected to the web site, download document, page appears on screen, click on underlined words connected to the new documents/web sites. |
| You can use it to: | find information for work/job/hobbies/sports; current events, read newspapers/magazines, play games, plan holidays, buy things, send electronic messages (e-mail), chat with people, make new friends. |
2.9. Rewrite the sentences using the following verbs to introduce Indirect Speech:
complain of, thank for, ask for, advise, wonder if, suggest, agree, want to know, explain, recommend
1. Tom said: “My computer keeps downloading information very slowly. Can you help me?”
2. Ann answered: “You’d better call a service and update it.”
3. Tom said: Thank you for good advice. Moreover my printer is not working properly. Don’t know what to do?”
4. Ann asked: “May be it’s out-of-date. I think you should buy more advanced version of laser printer.”
5. Tom asked: “You are right. It’s really so. Ann have you any idea how to use this program?”
6. Ann answered: “I’m afraid. I’m not an expert in the field. I’m sure you find some recommendations in the Net.”